Police Brutality Of The United States - 1529 Words

In recent years police actions, especially police abuse remains one of the most serious and estranged human rights violation in the United States. While citizens worry about protecting themselves from criminals, it has now been shown that they must also keep an eye on those who are supposed to protect us. Thousands of individuals that complained about police abuse are reported each year and local authorities pay out millions of dollars to victims in damages after all the lawsuits. Police have beaten, shot at unresisting suspects; they have misused their batons, and also their electroshock weapons. Over the past decade, police officers have acted out in ways that make people wonder, are these officers of the law really doing their job? Severe beatings, unjustified shootings, and rough treatment have all contributed to the problem of police brutality in America. Police officers continue to abuse their given authority by acting in a brutal manner in order to control a detained suspect. The job of a police officer is to maintain public order, prevent, and detect crime. They are engaged in a dangerous and stressful occupation that can absolutely involve violent situations that must be controlled. In many of these confrontations with the public, it may become necessary for the police to administer force to take control of the situation. Sometimes excessive force takes the form of hand-to-hand combat with a suspect who is resisting arrest. At least once every month or two the newsShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality And The United States Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality in the United States has escalated in recent times. To develop a peaceful environment amongst human beings, one of the main topics to look at is human rights. While more often than not, police brutality violates the concept of human rights it is still a very important task to discuss the topic and create possible solutions to such a concerning and threatening issues in the United States. In this case, statistics is a very important factor that is required to display how serious ofRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages Police Brutality in the United States University of Nebraska Kearney Colton Blankenship Abstract This research paper is an overview of police brutality in the United States. The paper covers what police brutality is and the definition. The information about police brutality is expanded about what is reasonable and excessive use of force an officer can use. Information is included about the thoughts of what the citizens feel about police brutality. Among the white andRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1286 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality continues to be one of the most serious and contentious violations of human rights in the United States. The unreasonable amount of force used by police officers prevails because of a lack of accountability. This makes it feasible for officers who do violate human rights to get off clean and recommit the violation. A sad fact is that police and/or public officials deny time after time any claims of human rights violations, claiming it was an abnormality, when they should be takingRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesAssault Being a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of someRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1415 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Brutality Police abuse is one of the most violated human rights in the United States. Police are portrayed as heroes that stop bank robbers, stop kidnappings and catch murders, but as of recent year’s police actions have come into the public eye. While typically citizens worry about their safety from criminals, it also seems they have to keep an eye out for the people who are supposed to protect them from danger. Thousands of complaints about police brutality is reported each year, and seemsRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1630 Words   |  7 Pages Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States and should be resolved immediately. Law enforcement must function as an element that consists of organized and civilized officers. The presence of police brutality is becoming more of an issue as society grows. The problem posed by the illegal exercise of police power is an ongoing reality for individuals of a disfavored race, class, or sexual orientation. Police brutality must be stopped so that police do not forgetRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States2239 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Police brutality against minorities across the United States has become a huge topic of interest. There are multiple events where interactions with minorities have had a horrible outcome. Police brutality is defined as the use of excessive force against a civilian and has caught the attention of many in the past few decades. This paper will argue that law enforcement officers disproportionally target minorities as criminal suspects. Racial profiling takes place due to law enforcementRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1608 Words   |  7 PagesPolice abuse remains as one of the most deliberate human rights violations in the United States. For over a decade police have acted in ways that makes us question their professionalism. Makes the wonder if law enforcement are taking advantage of their criminal justice â€Å"powers† October 22 is â€Å"National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression and Criminalization of an Entire Generation†. (Aol News). On October 22 many people across the country wear black to fight back against police brutalityRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1474 Words   |  6 PagesBeing a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of some officersRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States Essay2135 Words   |  9 PagesThe United States is facing a continuous wide spread of police brutality from the past to today. TV Networks, newspapers/magazines, bloggers and forums are getting involved into the discussion about police brutality. After a father bought a t oy gun for his son for his birthday, his son went outside to play and a police officer saw him with the gun not knowing it was a toy and shot him several times. This incident occurred in Sonoma County in October 2013. Something close to that happened in November

Essay on Article Review - 961 Words

Article Review Steven Anders Criminal Justice 500 November 30, 2014 Honorable Scott W. Naus Instructor Abstract Judges are the most prestigious members of the court system, but they are faced with challenges that reflect upon there ethics, and faithfulness to the people they serve. Often judges make careless misstates and forget that they are appointed or voted in by the public. Therefore some judges have been removed from the bench due to their behavior that includes, sexual allegations, taking cash, making racist and sexist comments, and lying to a grand jury just to name a few. Voters elect some judges, governors or the president of the United States appoints some and others are appointed through a merit selection.†¦show more content†¦Many issues may arrive because of this and create problems within the courts. According to Skaggs (2010) â€Å"A recent study of the Texas Supreme Court, found that the more money a petitioner contributed to the justices, the more likely it was that the court would accept a petition for review†. Contributions may show that a judge is in favor of the individual that may give the most money to there campaign which may give true insight on what kind of judge they will be in the future. In the past some judges have abused their office because of the lust of their flesh and the pride of life. Many have given over to the power and prestige of the office instead of walking in humility of the office of judge. The article Are Campaign Contributions Compromising The Independent Judiciary also gives verification that there are issues within our current system today. According to Jefferson â€Å"People doubt that a judge who have received campaign contributions from a lawyer will remain neutral when deciding the donor’s case†(Jefferson, 2010). People may not really care about the reputation of a judge but rather look at how much money that particular judge have spent on there campaign. This type of actions by canadates has affected the public views by decreasing the public confidence in America’s courts. By adopting a system where judges are seeking a judges seat would eliminate much of the negative response by the people. By focusing on a candidate’s work ethic andShow MoreRelatedSample Article Review1246 Words   |  5 Pagese Article review : Sample 1 Source Bell, R.L. Lederman. (2003). Understandings of the nature of science and decision making on science and technology based issues. Science Education, vol.87, no.3, p.352-77, viewed 15 March 2005, EBSCOhost database Academic Search Premier, item: AN9578033 Introduction This review critically reviews the article ‘Understandings of the nature of science and decision making on science and technology based issues’ by Randy L. Bell and Norman G. Lederman which appearedRead MoreArticle Review : Our Undemocratic Constitution1202 Words   |  5 PagesBicameralism and Constitutional Article V are two of the main factors Levinson believes contribute to this difficulty. Bicameralism means it takes two legislative houses instead of one to approve any legislation. Levinson feels â€Å"Whatever the undoubted attractions of bicameralism, it always makes it harder to pass legislation (35).† He believes having two houses that do basically the same things just slows down the process of actually making a change to the constitution. Article V however, is another partRead MoreWhat Does It Take A Good Review Of An Original Scientific Article ( 6 Points )? Essay882 Words   |  4 Pagesto Dr. Hoppin, what does it take to do a good review of an origi nal scientific article (6 points)? Dr. Hoppin discussed four main responsibilities in guiding reviewer in the reviewing process of scientific paper. When reviewing a scientific article, the role of reviewers is to shear their experience, knowledge, time and provide constructive criticisms and suggestions. The reviewer has to be motivated by providing suggestions for improving the article to be more educational, informative and usefulRead MoreArticle Review1045 Words   |  5 Pagesremaining childless until age 35 years? Results from an Australian birth cohort study. (Steele et.al, 2014) Article review. The study described in the article attempts to demonstrate that precarious employment conditions force women to procrastinate first childbirth till age 35. Below here there are the short summary of this article and its evaluation, focused on the choice of variables, the article structure and the study results. The base for the study was the same as in the Life Journeys of YoungRead MoreArticle Review1471 Words   |  6 Pagesfound and used in clinical application. The three articles studied in this review use very different methods of predicting patient outcomes, and prove more accurate than the current â€Å"predictions... from randomized trials of individual chemotherapies, or SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) estimates†(Obermyer, 2017, p. 18). Regardless of their apparent successes, there is room for improvement in all three articles. Review The first article, â€Å"Machine learning mortality prediction at startRead MoreArticle Review734 Words   |  3 Pages The peer-reviewed article I analyzed was â€Å"Conducting a Functional-Based Intervention I a School Setting to Reduce Inappropriate Behaviour of a Child with Autism†. The focus of this article is â€Å"to assess the utility and feasibility of using three functional behavior assessment procedures in conjunction with the Behaviour Capture program when identifying the function of problem behavior in a school and to inform development of a function based intervention.† (Camacho, Anderson, Moore, FurlongerRead MoreArticle Review On The 1365 Words   |  6 PagesOur Father Who Is In Heaven By J Stark | Submitted On January 13, 2016 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author J Stark Is this simply a prayer recited by many, under varying circumstances or mightRead MoreArticle Review1052 Words   |  5 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Organized Greek Games†, the author, William J. Baker’s goal was to educate on the difference between Olympic Games as they are today, compared to Olympic Games as they used to be in ancient Greece. In this article, William Baker also described to us, the relationship between the ancient Olympic Games, and Greek religion, what some of the Greek philosophers thought of the Olympic Games, and the role of athletics in general, in ancient Greek Society. William Baker’s article, â€Å"OrganizedRead MoreArticle Review1507 Words   |  7 PagesFirst educational researchers realize that scientific methods of research do not adequately measure what is happening in the classroom. Secondly, new technologies have led to new classroom activities that necessitate new methods of analysis. This article suggests that if current tr ends continue, descriptive research methodology will grow in popularity and use.Read MoreArticle Review759 Words   |  4 Pages which contribute to vast databases that can be used by law enforcement. In the article â€Å"Private License Plate Scanners Amassing Vast Databases Open to Highest Bidders,† RT, March 6th, 2014 has increased that they tenfold its plate scans since September 2010, and adds 70 million scans a month. Following that, the publication In These Times, a progressive activism journal out of Chicago, continuously in their article â€Å"who has a right to track you?† Corporations argue that they have a right to collect

Case Overview for Kamay v the Queen †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theCase Overviewfor Kamay v the Queen. Answer: Introduction In the case of Kamay v The Queen[2015] VSCA 296 (13 November 2015), the Supreme Court held the defendant Lukas Kamay guilty of money laundering, identity theft, and insider trading (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2015). The defendant pleaded guilty to all these charges. The Supreme Court Justice, Elizabeth Hollingworth, regarded this case as the worst instance of insider trading which has come forward before any of the courts in Australia. Facts of Kamay v The Queen Lukas Kamay was the associate director at the foreign exchange sales desk, of the National Australian Bank, in Melbourne, and Mr. Hill was the time series analyst, at the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Kamay and Hill had a mutual arrangement, according to which, Hill would provide the information pertaining to the MEIs (Main Economic Indicators), which are regarded as significant, as well as, supremely confidential statistics, related to the state of the market of the Australia, as well as, the economy of the country, to Kamay. Kamay would then use this MEI information, to sell/buy the margin FX contracts (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 2015). Some of these were deliberately traded at a loss, to show a normal trading pattern. Kamay went beyond the agreed limit, set between him and Hill, of $200000. This resulted in a net profit of above $7 million to Kamay, whilst Hill received only $200000 from this arrangement.. Supreme Court New South Wales Supreme Court Justice, Elizabeth Hollingworth, in the matter of the charges relating to insider trading, found that, Kamay knew that this MEI information was not ordinarily available information (Danckert, 2015). She held that in case this information was ordinarily available, any prudent individual would anticipate it to have a major effect upon the value/price of such contracts. She further held that the insider trading was not a victimless crime, as it not only harmed the market, but the public confidence as well. She acknowledged that Kamay had conducted 45 transaction, spread over a period of 8 months, in a carefully planner, premeditated manner. Further, Kamay took deliberate steps to conceal this by incurring some losses. So, Kamay was motivated purely and simply by personal greed, and there was no financial pressure, or any addiction problems. The judge held that even though the defendant was legitimately regretful, but the general deterrence had a key role in this whole sche me. So, she awarded Kamay imprisonment for 7 years, 3 months, for insider trading, along with a non-parole period of 4 and half years (Vines Carlyon, 2015). Judicial Interpretations Supreme Court Justice, Elizabeth Hollingworth considered that Kamay was trying to cover the proceeds of the crime committed by him, by attempting to wear a cloak of respectability. Kamay was clearly aware about the confidentiality of the MEIs, and even though it is not a serious crime, but there was a harm caused to the general public (Narushima, Rooy, Randall, 2015). The judge also considered the sole motivation of Kamay, was to gain profits. Conclusion The judge, considering this the worst instance of insider trading, said that Kanay had only brought shame, as well as, embarrassment to himself, along with his family. Though, she held that Kanay had outstanding hopes for rehabilitation. During the sentencing, Elizabeth Hollingworth acknowledged, that she wanted the young people to be deterred, from engaging in such criminal conduct, in the corporate world. References Australasian Legal Information Institute. (2015). Kamay v The Queen [2015] VSCA 296 (13 November 2015). Retrieved on 06/10/16 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/sinodisp/au/cases/vic/VSCA/2015/296.html?stem=0synonyms=0query=Kamay%20v%20The%20Queen Danckert, S. (2015). Insider trader Lukas Kamay jailed for seven years. Retrieved on 06/10/16 from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/insider-trader-lukas-kamay-jailed-for-seven-years/news-story/952d8812aa879f484214f7a5ebb3cae1 Narushima, H., Rooy, J.V., Randall, S. (2015). Court comes down hard on Young insider trading offenders: DPP (Cth) v Hill and Kamay [2015] VSC 86. Retrieved on 06/10/16 from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=a702268d-82cc-402a-a9f8-956a88530648 Vines, H. Carlyon, P. (2015). 'Greedy' pair Lukas Kamay, Christopher Hill jailed over $7 million ABS insider trading scam. Retrieved on 06/10/16 from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-17/pair-sentenced-over-abs-insider-trading/6324526

Jacksonian revolution Essay Example

Jacksonian revolution Essay As a person and as a president Andrew Jackson was looked upon in different ways.There are many people that have a high regard for him during his presidency, while others scorn him as a president.He is portrayed as an intimidating, energetic, aggressive and compelling person. Several people are under the impression that Andrew Jackson was responsible for the creation of the Democratic Party, however, this article expels this idea and informs the reader the actual story.John C. Calhoun and Martin Van Buren banned together to form an alliance with one another as well as with several politicians from the south.A political organization that revolved around the presidential candidacy of Jackson was created by this group of southern politicians.This political organization became acknowledged as the Democratic Party.From knowing this, it is evident that Andrew Jackson was not the creator of this party; rather, it was the group of politicians that admired Jackson that were responsible. The m embers of the Democratic Party practice the same principles as Jackson.They opposed the idea of a strong central government, as well as, a broad interpretation of the Constitution. The idea of the federal government sponsoring public works was greatly opposed by the Democrats.They argued that internal improvements could inflate the power of the central government and jeopardize liberty. During his presidency, Andrew Jackson used his powers in numerous amounts of ways.Jackson vetoed many bills that came across him, this exemplifying a way in which he used his power.Jackson vetoed congressional legislation more times then all the other presidents combined. Another example of how he used his power was he favored majority rules.He announced to Congress The majority is to govern.This belief was mostly due to the fact that he was devoted to a strict dedication to democracy.Jackson p

Basics of the Food Industry essays

Basics of the Food Industry essays The food that we ingest will be separated into many biochemical energies giving to different organs in their bodies after digestions. In other words, food will become a part of their bodies, and that determines their bodies' performance. Therefore the quality of food will directly reflect on their health, and that is the thing they should care about the most. Unfortunately, as the rapid development of economy, advanced science, and technology, the pace of people's lives are constantly accelerating. Consequently, people wish everything can be faster and faster just like cell phones, internet, as well as food, so that many of them ignore the importance of eating healthy. As a result, they offer an opportunity for more and more food companies to procure business advantage by producing convenient, low cost, and industrial food, and leave their health behind. As Robert Kenner states in the book Food, Inc. that food industry influences "our health, our environment, our economy, and the rights of workers" (27). He points to the bad influences of the food industry which impact every corner of people's lives. The food industry leads people to an unhealthy lifestyle by excessive advertising, abundant People's lifestyles are easily misled by the food industry via media excessive advertising. In the recent three decades, telecommunication technology is widely used in this world. Internet, television, radio, and cellphones have already broken through the traditional limit of time and space, logistics, and information flow. That provides an excellent opportunity for commercials. As Eric Schlosser and Charles Wilson say in their book, Chew On This, "During the course of a year, the typical American child watches more than 40000 TV commercials. About 20000 of those ads are for junk food: soda, candy, breakfast cereals, and fast food" (57). From that statistic number I find that the kids watch an ave...

In Case Of and In the Event Of

In Case Of and In the Event Of In Case Of and In the Event Of In Case Of and In the Event Of By Maeve Maddox A reader asks if there’s a difference between these two phrases: Is there any difference between in case of and in the event of? Some seem to think these two phrases are synonymous; others contend that in case of is used when youre preparing for something, e.g. Take an umbrella in case it rains, while   in the event of when anticipating an unplanned occurrence, like In the event of fire, use the emergency exit.  What is your take on this? The OED defines the conjunction â€Å"in case† as â€Å"in the event that; if it should happen that.† On the Ngram Viewer, â€Å"in case of† is far more common than â€Å"in the event of† from 1800 to 1917, but then begins to plummet. In 2000, â€Å"in case of† is only slightly ahead of â€Å"in the event of† in the English database. A Google search also indicates that â€Å"in case of† is more common: in case of (290,000,000 results)   in the event of (95,400,000 results)   As for â€Å"anticipating an unplanned occurrence,† like a fire, a Google search indicates that the phrases occur about equally: in the event of emergency: 28,400,000 results   in case of emergency: 29,600,000 results   in case of fire: 22,700,000 results   in the event of fire: 19,600,000 results It seems clear that the two phrases are synonymous. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Types of Narrative ConflictProbable vs. PossibleTypes of Plots

Should Cigarette Smoking be Banned Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Should Cigarette Smoking be Banned - Essay Example Therefore, the claim that the federal government has no power to ban tobacco use is inconsistent. Truly speaking, the government is scared of the political responsibility that comes with imposing a ban on tobacco. As Washington continues with the political game, many Americans continue to suffer the consequences of uncontrolled smoking. We must agree that placing a complete ban on tobacco and tobacco products could be impossible due to the large number of smokers involved, approximately 450 million, and lack of adequate law enforcement personnel. However, the federal government should pass relevant laws to help curb this worrying trend. Tobacco use should be controlled due to various negative effects. First and most importantly, it is a serious health risk. According to Britton, â€Å"The greatest health impacts of smoking are on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases† (Britton 2). These diseases range from bronchitis, heart disease, and different strains of cancer. Cigarette contains several additives, approximately 599, all of which have varied health complications to smokers. According to Center for Disease Control (CDC), tobacco causes more deaths than all deaths resulting from alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, murders, suicides, and HIV combined (2007). It is estimated that tobacco causes 443,000 deaths annually. This number includes deaths from secondhand smoke. Secondly, smoking should be banned because it violates non-smokers’ right of choice. Whoever chooses to smoke despite the negative side effects of smoking should not be denied the chance to do so. However, the lack of an effective way to control non-smokers from exposure to secondhand smoke is justification enough for the government to ban smoking. Smokers are people who have made the choice of dying for what they like, and should not, under whatever circumstance, drag non-smokers to their deathbeds. Money is yet another reason why smoking should be banned. Buying a cigarette may seem to be a painless financial involvement. However, if the amount spent in a month or a year is accumulated, it could literally start of a medium size business. Therefore, by banning tobacco and its related products, the government will be instilling a saving culture in its citizens. The advantages of investing in business cannot be disputed. The cost of treatment to victims of cigarette smoking is a burden to the government. Medicine and facilities for treatment of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases resulting from excessive smoking are expensive, but the government’s hands are tied. These funds could have helped in fulfilling other key government obligations such as education, social welfare, retirement, and security. Lastly, smoking should be banned or regulated as a means of curbing its growing influence. Unfortunately, smokers tend to influence those around them tremendously. Students and children who watch their colleagues, parents, or peers smoke have to face th e challenge of resisting smoking daily. This is even worse when the smoker glorifies the smoking. As simple as it may seem, many people are led to smoking in this manner. Smoking decision should be personal and not influenced by persons who have signed their death certificates. Despite the wide criticism, tobacco use has many advantages. To begin with, many rural economies rely heavily on tobacco farming.

Increae productivity and safety at night shift Research Paper

Increae productivity and safety at night shift - Research Paper Example Running head: INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND SAFETY AT NIGHT SHIFT Increase productivity and safety at night shift [Name] [Course] [Professor’s name] [Date Contents Page No Abstract Acknowledgement 1. Introduction 12-14 2. Literature review 14-21 3. Methodology 21-25 4. Result 25- 54 5. Discussion 54-60 6. ... iew on general first aid 41 Figure:-32- Male worker’ view on night arrangement of first aid 42 Figure:-33- Female worker’ view on night arrangement Of first aid 42 Figure:-34-Medical interventions in emergencies 43 Figure:-35- percentage male (>2yrs) regarding Job security 44 Figure: 36- percentage female (>2yrs) regarding Job security 44 Figure: 37- percentage male (2yrs) workers 47 Figure: 42- Monthly remuneration of male (2yrs) satisfied with Remuneration 49 Figure: 47- percentage Male workers (2yrs) witnessing Job deprivation 51 Figure: 52- percentage male workers (

A sociological perspective Essay Example for Free

A sociological perspective Essay The term inner city life refers to the system of life of those people, who are underclass, cut off from the regular city life. Yet the elemental building blocks of their lives-work, family, community all exists, however in corrupted forms. A sociological perspective: Inner city residents are underpaid socially disorganised, where no one trusts the other and each has to struggle for existence in highly unfavourable conditions. The most precise way to explain inner city life in sociological terms is to consider 1. Criminality: The absence of proper means of existence leads to the demolition of the laws of the community and every member lives by preying on his fellow citizens. 2. Illegality: Due to the absence of proper family values, and absence of fathers in many cases, the young ones tend to grow up devoid of any values and ethics, unready to take the responsibilities of life and family which they have to undertake at a young age. In other words, they are improperly socialised. Moreover, financial, emotional and intellectual deficits aggravate the situation. 3. Schooling: A teacher has a significant contribution is shaping the lives of children. However teachers in inner city life differ from that of the city teachers on various grounds, teaching experience, certification and involvement with the students. In the inner cities there is a dearth of teachers leading to the appointment of less qualified teachers. The more a teacher spends time with her students, the more are they motivated to come up in life? Not only that, proper cooperation of the teachers help children gain confidence, getting a better idea about life. However, lack of cooperation from the teachers leads to a sense of helplessness among the students and leads them to question their own capabilities. 4. Community influence: apart from school, the time a child spends in his community also shapes his personality. Increased prevalence of poverty, exposure to violence and absence of parents at home leads a child to spend most of his after school time in his community. Absence of structured programs or opportunities is reasons enough for the children to go astray. For example, a black family living in a white dominated area has to face sneers and remarks against their race, which has a negative impact on the children. An economic perspective: The most important reasons which effect youths in inner city are: 1. Lower socio economic status: social disadvantage is associated with increased stress among adults throughout the socioeconomic gradient. One of the foremost reasons for this is the stressful working conditions of the youth. Most of the times, they are made to work under extreme conditions. They are made to do menial jobs and are highly underpaid. Most of the times they are unable to provide for themselves the bare necessities of life. Indulging in criminal activities thus becomes an obvious option. 2. Poverty: this is one condition of existence which hampers their growth. Living in poverty can lead to a deficiency in food, clothing, shelter which all people need to fulfil their growth needs. Poverty is the main source of stress, strain, anxiety and frustration among children which need to be overcome. In absence of the basic needs of existence, children often tend to move towards criminal activities. A psychological perspective: Social disadvantage is related to increased stress among inner city circles. One explanation for this is that as one goes down the socioeconomic order, they have fewer psychological resources to meet this stress because of such challenging circumstances. Because these are abilities and resources those individuals draw upon while stressed, to withstand the threats from the environment. According to Gallo and Mathews, the relative lack of resources is mainly due to depletion, with lack of replenishment of the existing resources and also due to a continuous interruption in the process of development. Economic instability, racism, adequate coping methods, negatively affects the psychology of the people mainly the youth. This is actually the critical period of development in which definite behavioural and psychological patterns are formed which exists throughout. This is termed as â€Å"reserve capacity† â€Å"Psychological† and â€Å"Environmental† perspectives are the two main categories in this field. The first emphasises on objective events and conditions, associated with effective adaptive demands, while the latter focuses on individuals’ subjective evaluation of oneself and one’s abilities to cope with the demands. It stresses that â€Å"stressors† are environmental events or conditions that impose stress on individuals and â€Å"stress† is a person’s appraisal to these conditions as taxing or threatening to their psychological makeup. Among the youth, this stress is subject to their level of optimism, adequacy of coping styles, personality traits and other factors.

An Explication of Emily Dickinsons Loaded Gun Essay -- Dickinson Load

An Explication of Emily Dickinson's "Loaded Gun" Emily Dickinson's poem "My Life had stood-a Loaded Gun-" is a powerful statement of the speaker's choice to forego the accepted roles of her time and embrace a taboo existence, a life open only to men. The speaker does so wholeheartedly and without reservation, with any and all necessary force, exulting in her decision. She speaks with great power and passion, tolerating no interference, and wills herself to maintain this choice for her entire life. The structure of the poem is a common one for Dickinson, alternating iambic tetrameter and trimeter. These six quatrains are evocative of the verses from the Protestant religious services that Dickinson attended as a child but from which she chose to abstain as an adult. This meter gives the poem power and dignity, evoking the solemnity and unquestioned truth of a religious hymn. The mix of masculine and feminine images, their juxtaposition, and their occasional transformation across the gender line mirrors and mimics the message of the poem. The opening stanza begins with a series of masculine images: "a Loaded gun" (1), "The Owner" (3-later identified as "He"-17, 21). The fourth line gives an image of the speaker being carried away, something usually perpetrated on a female by (usually) a male. This too is an ambiguous image: is she carried away by her own love- enraptured-or is she carried away against her will, to be defiled, and used against her will? The second stanza resolves this question. Suddenly the speaker is "We," "roam[ing] in Sovreign [our] woods" (5), indicating an acceptance of the relationship. As an admirer of George Eliot, a woman who adopted a masculine identity in order to faci... ...ability to destroy, she is "Without-the power to die-" (24). Again we see the passivity of the "Loaded gun-" (1), unable to act without some animating masculine force. Does she mean she has the power to destroy the poet within, but cannot then escape from the role of reclusive outsider she has sacrificed so much to attain? Or does she mean she can destroy anyone who wishes to take this "Master" from her, but cannot kill him herself, or end her own life-options she may have wished existed for her, considering the difficulties produced by her inability to fit in to society? Although there is an irreconcilable ambiguity to this last stanza, the uncertainty somehow does not detract from the power of the work, but rather adds to it. With "Loaded Gun" Dickinson proclaims herself a warrior, ready to kill or die in defense of her self-definition, that of Poet.

Francis King “Making It All Right”

The text â€Å"Making it all right† by Francis King is written in a style of fiction. This extract is about how Mary and her husband Bob were admiring their screen, which was picked up in a little junkshop, and how they had it remounted. So at the beginning of the text we see Bob, Mary and Diana friendly speaking about their friend Iris, whom they were going to make a call. Suddenly their attention was attracted by Diana Lucas, who began to edge a six-panel gold screen out from the wall. And they saw the filth behind it. During this Bob was sitting and staring at the Chinese silk carpet.The author describe him as a big and clumsy chap using such epithet â€Å"clumsy hands†. But Bob wasn’t going to grumble about her and he’s been with her twelve years. And he really appreciated in her the thing that she was a good cook and to show it the author uses the epithet â€Å"a lovely cook†. The clich? â€Å"on a good day† is used to show that they did not care very much about that carpet. After all they decided to call her but they did not know whether would be suitable. Besides she was on her own and seemed â€Å"utterly lost†, this metonymy which describes her in a very bad condition.But then Diana fidgeted with the screen and their attention again was attracted by the beauty of it. To show their admiration the author uses the proverb â€Å"The gold alone is worth a fortune†. And at the end of the text we can see the remembering of that how they picked up it in a small junkshop and how it had been remounted by a little man – a real artist. After that they anyway decided to put through that call. To my mind the idea of the story is that sometimes it is possible to remount thing which are in ghastly condition.

Business arena Essay

Recent years have demonstrated that a lack of unity exists within the business arena compared to the synergistic methods in which trade unions execute their policies. This must be considered another of the drawbacks of the existence of interest groups. This has resulted in costly political campaigning for Australian businesses (Bell, 0000). The number of organisations that attempt to represent their interests at the political level has become such a complex and tangled web that it is often unprofitable for to do business in such a scene (Matthews). Such action often bring great expense and yet offer little real guarantee of success (Coutskorais, 0000, p. 80). Such organisations in Australia as the Minerals Council of Australia (which represents the particular industry) and Surfer’s Paradise Chamber of Commerce (which represents regional membership) exist for the profitable purpose of (among other things) promoting competition among businesses and the consequent improvement of policies (Matthews, 0000, 75) Despite the clear benefits that interest groups can provide, some drawbacks do exist when one considers their impact on the politics of a country. It is usually necessary to be careful that certain interest groups do not become too powerful and end up coercing government to adversely affect policy changes (Apollonio & Bero, 2007). The two Australian interest groups previously mentioned are cases in point, as they represent very powerful organizations that have at least a large potential to urge the implementation of any of the policies they devise. Care must be taken that the policies they advocate really do consider the interest of the public. One major reason why such care must be taken is the fact that these interest groups are never guaranteed to possess equity in their actions. Because they take a particular stand on an issue, their interest is likely to exclude the interest of several others who have opposing views. Furthermore, interest groups have the general privilege of making donations to political parties. This is a lobbying technique that has been around for decades, but may give a political edge to such groups that have the greatest means of funding such campaigns (2007). Some interest groups have outsider status, and this means that they attempt to influence policy by altering public opinion (Evans, year. p. 84). Such groups may prove both beneficial and detrimental to the politics of a country. The detriment comes where such groups falsify or misrepresent information to the public in order to convince them (and their political candidates) to act in the behalf of the group. One group which has historically been seen in this light is the tobacco industry-front group. According to researchers Appollonio & Bero, â€Å"The tobacco industry has a history of misrepresenting scientific evidence† (2007, p.419). The researchers go on to point out that the industry has created what seems to be an unaffiliated interest group which presents â€Å"its antiregulation agenda as an expression of popular will, and allowed industry lobbyists access to policymakers who were otherwise unwilling to work with them† (2007, p. 419). This presents a very unfavourable view of political interest groups. However, positive effects of this attempt to influence the public may occur in the form of debates between/among opposing groups, through which the public becomes more informed about the policies being advocated by each. Furthermore, since each group represents a social movement made up of people who share values and see eye to eye on certain matters of concern, these groups provide a forum or network of communication that has the potential to provide a series of checks and balances amongst themselves and within the government (Marsh, 2000). Overall, the action groups that exist within Australia to lobby for the interests of the people have a predominantly positive impact on the Australian society. Such organizations as the Boy’s Club, Gay rights, and animal liberation groups offer protection and a voice for these minorities in the decision-making sectors of the government. Such groups also speak for such issues as gun control, military disarmament, and the protection of the environment. These interest groups possess the expertise and the experience to speak persuasively in the behalf of their interests, and also have the ability to aid in the execution of policies once they have been adopted by the political bodies. The media has the positive effect of promoting the accountability of the government, and of other businesses that my have formed ties with members of the government. However, the highly structured and powerful nature of certain interest groups, while they have the power to get things done within the government, also have the power to wrongly influence the government on their behalf. It is therefore necessary to take care in the freedom with which such groups are allowed to act. References van Acker, E. & Curran, G. (eds. ) 2004, Governing Business and Globalisation, (2nd edn. ) Pearson, Frenchs Forest. Ang, J & C. Boyer. 2007, â€Å"Finance and politics: the wealth effects of special interest group influence during the nationalisation and privatisation of Conrail. † Cambridge Journal of Economics. vol. 31, no. 2, pp 193-216. Apollonio, D. E. & L. A. Bero. 2007, â€Å"Finance and politics: the wealth effects of special interest group influence during the nationalisation and privatisation of Conrail. † American Journal of Public Health. vol. 97, no 3, pp 419-428. BCA. (2007). â€Å"Our Structure. † Business Council of Australia. Melbourne, VIC. Retrieved on May 8, 2007 from http://www. bca. com. au/Content. aspx? ContentID=100827 Hague, R. M. Harrop, S. Breslin. 1994, Political Science: A Comparative Introduction. St. Martin Press, New York. Gray, V. & D. Lowery. 2000, Population Ecology of Interest Representation : Lobbying Communities in the American States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. Greenemeier, L & J. N. Hoover. 2007, â€Å"Advocacy, Inc. † InformationWeek. no. 1121, pp 38-46. Hollander, R. â€Å"Name of Chapter or Essay. † (2006). Eccleston, R, Williams, P. & Hollander, R. (Eds. ). Foundations of Australian Politics. Pearson Education, Sydney. Marsh, I. 2000, â€Å"Gaps in Policy-making capacities; interest groups, social movements, think tanks and the media. † in M. Keating, J. Wanna & P. Weller (eds. ) Institutions on the Edge: Capacity for Governance. Allen & Unwin, St Leonard’s. Parkin, A, Summers, J. & Woodward, D. (eds. ) 2006, Government, Politics, Power and Policy in Australia, (8th ed. ) Pearson, French’s Forest. Chapter 17. Singleton, G et al. 2006, Interest Groups’ in Australian Political Institutions. 8th edn. Pearson, French’s Forest.. Ward, I. & R. G. Stewart. 2006, Ch. 12, ‘Pressure Groups and Social Movements’ in Politics One, 3rd edn. , Palgrave. Macmillan, South Yarra. Weitzel, P. 2004, â€Å"Joining with non-media organization can help win access battle. † The Quill. vol. 92, no 7, pp 20-21.

Definition and Examples of Reported Speech

Definition and Examples of Reported Speech Reported speech is the report of one speaker or writer on the words spoken, written, or thought by someone else. Also called reported discourse. Traditionally, two broad categories of  reported speech  have been recognized: direct speech  (in which the original speakers words are quoted word for word) and indirect speech (in which the original speakers thoughts are conveyed without using the speakers exact words). However, a number of linguists have challenged this distinction, noting (among other things) that theres significant overlap between the two categories. Deborah Tannen, for instance, has argued that [w]  hat is commonly referred to as reported speech or direct quotation in conversation is  constructed dialogue. Observations Reported speech is not just a particular grammatical form or transformation, as some grammar books might suggest. We have to realize that reported speech represents, in fact, a kind of translation, a transposition that necessarily takes into account two different cognitive perspectives: the point of view of the person whose utterance is being reported, and that of a speaker who is actually reporting that utterance.(Teresa DobrzyÅ„ska, Rendering Metaphor in Reported Speech, in Relative Points of View: Linguistic Representation of Culture, ed. by Magda StroiÅ„ska. Berghahn Books, 2001) Tannen on the Creation of Dialogue I wish to question the conventional American literal conception of reported speech and claim instead that uttering dialogue in conversation is as much a creative act as is the creation of dialogue in fiction and drama.  The casting of thoughts and speech in dialogue creates particular scenes and charactersand . . . it is the particular that moves readers by establishing and building on a sense of identification between speaker or writer and hearer or reader. As teachers of creative writing exhort neophyte writers, the accurate representation of the particular communicates universality, whereas direct attempts to represent universality often communicate nothing. (Deborah Tannen, Talking Voices: Repetition, Dialogue, and Imagery in Conversational Discourse, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2007) Goffman on Reported Speech [Erving] Goffmans work has proven foundational in the investigation of reported speech itself. While Goffman is not in his own work concerned with the analysis of actual instances of interaction (for a critique, see Schlegoff, 1988), it provides a framework for researchers concerned with investigating reported speech in its most basic environment of occurrence: ordinary conversation. . . .Goffman . . . proposed that reported speech is a natural upshot of a more general phenomenon in interaction: shifts of footing, defined as the alignment of an individual to a particular utterance . . . ([Forms of Talk,] 1981: 227). Goffman is concerned to break down the roles of speaker and hearer into their constituent parts. . . . [O]ur ability to use reported speech stems from the fact that we can adopt different roles within the production format, and it is one of the many ways in which we constantly change footing as we interact . . ..(Rebecca Clift and Elizabeth Holt, Introduction. Reporting T alk: Reported Speech in Interaction. Cambridge University Press, 2007) Reported Speech in Legal Contexts ​[R]eported speech occupies a prominent position in our use of language in the context of the law. Much of what is said in this context has to do with rendering peoples sayings: we report the words that accompany other peoples doings in order to put the latter in the correct perspective. As a consequence, much of our judiciary system, both in the theory and in the practice of law, turns around the ability to prove or disprove the correctness of a verbal account of a situation. The problem is how to summarize that account, from the initial police report to the final imposed sentence, in legally binding terms, so that it can go on the record, that is to say, be reported in its definitive, forever immutable form as part of a case in the books. (Jacob Mey, When Voices Clash: A Study in Literary Pragmatics. Walter de Gruyter, 1998)

How to Easily Schedule Social Media Posts in One Tool - CoSchedule

How to Easily Schedule Social Media Posts in One Tool There’s nothing worse than staring down an empty content calendar. However, planning social media content ahead of time is important. It helps you save time, get more done, and feel less stressed. After all, if you have posts planned weeks (or even months) in advance, you’re free to work on other things in the meantime. Maintaining a consistent social media content calendar is easier said than done. You need a tool that lets you schedule social media posts across networks. Ideally, you’ll be able to create social media content and collaborate with your team within the same service, too. Sounds like a game-changer, right? There are a number of apps and services out there that fit this description. And, while we may be biased, we think is your best bet. Let’s take a look at how it works. Choose A Social Media Content Calendar Tool Odds are, you’re managing multiple social networks. And you know your messages need to be specific to each one. Using a social media content calendar can make managing it all much easier. You have two options here: Use a spreadsheet Use an app (like ) Whichever option you choose, what’s important is that you use something. However, while spreadsheets are cost-effective, they aren’t necessarily the most efficient nor easy-to-use  option. This is where comes in. Let’s take a look at how our platform makes scheduling your media posts easier. How To Easily Schedule Social Media Posts With One ToolAdding Content To Your Calendar For Multiple Networks Creating content for multiple networks isn’t easy. It’s especially difficult if you’re working alone, or your team is stretching limited time and resources. Take a breath. We’re about to show you how to get it all done. Start With An Awesome Campaign Idea Before you do anything else, you’ll need an idea for your campaign. What are you going to promote? What’s going to be the end business goal for your work? Recommended Reading: How To Generate Better Social Media Campaign Ideas Like A Creative Genius Select Your Social Networks When planning your social calendar, start by determining which networks you’ll use. These can be whichever you’re most active on, or the ones most applicable for your current campaigns. Use this guide to help your decision-making for your next campaign. TIP: integrates with top social media networks, allowing you to create and schedule social content everywhere, all in one place. Create And Tailor Messages For Each Network Your next step is to start creating content. Each message should be crafted to suit the purpose of audience of each network you’ve selected. So far, so good, right? Each message also needs to be placed on your calendar. They should be scheduled to publish at optimal times too. It’s possible to drop all your content into a spreadsheet, set reminders for yourself, and manually publish each message. This option is certainly better than winging it. However, offers a few time-saving features worth considering here. Recommended Reading: This Is How To Write For Social Media To Create The Best Posts Do It All With s Interactive Calendar Interface When you place content into a spreadsheet, you can easily see all your social posts in one place. However, they’re not easy to move around. Plus, you can’t necessarily see when your social posts are scheduled to publish relative to the rest of the content you’re creating. ’s all-in-one, drag-and-drop calendar interface solves both of these issues.  Here’s how it works. Create a new content item on your calendar. Select Social Campaign to create multiple social messages, or Social Message to create a one-off social post. In this example for demonstration purposes, well select a single Social Message. Write a post, add an image or a video (more on this in a moment), and add it to the calendar. Now, youre free to move it wherever you’d like. Click your post: Then drag it to another date: Mix  Up Your Visual Content Visual content matters on social media. According to Hubspot, â€Å"Researchers found that colored visuals increase peoples willingness to read a piece of content by 80%.† Whether you’re sharing photos, designed graphics, or videos, your social content strategy needs to include visual components. And with , you can schedule both images and video with ease. Heres how. Create a new post. Then, select either Image Post or Video Post. For this example, well choose Video Post: Once youve written your post message, click the video camera icon. This will bring up your bank of uploaded videos, or allow you to upload               a new video file: Keep Your Calendar Full With Powerful Social Scheduling Features Creating social posts is one thing. Keeping your calendar full is another. Proper scheduling frees up time and energy to create more content. Best Time Scheduling Good content will find its audience regardless of when it’s published. Scheduling posts at the best times dramatically increases your chances for success, however. The more you can tilt the odds in your favor, the better. Enter Best Time Scheduling. Instead of worrying about when your posts will publish, can post them at the best time, automatically. Set it and forget it. Take a look at how it works. 1. Once you have some social content created, select Best Time in the social queue dropdown menu (or within the Chrome extension): 2. does the rest. Your messages will be scheduled at the best times to drive the most traffic. 3. Lets say you want to get in the drivers seat here. No problem. If youd like to schedule posts at the best time, within a preset timeframe, Best Time Scheduling offers four different options: Morning (8-11 a.m.) Midday (11-3 p.m.) Afternoon (3-7 p.m.) Evening (7-11 p.m.) ReQueue What if you have evergreen content you want to reshare later? One option is to manually schedule that content across your calendar. An easier option is to use Requeue  in . Create social media content, add it to groups, and let ReQueue do the rest. Watch the video below to see it in action: Schedule Your Way To Social Media Greatness By the time youve created a handful of campaigns  and rescheduled  your best evergreen content, youll find you have a robust and well-scheduled calendar that looks something like this: Tons of social messages, visible alongside all your other content, all scheduled in advance. Its beautiful (its okay if you start  tearing up a little). In all seriousness though, once you start scheduling social media content in advance, you’ll never go back to winging it again. That kind of ad hoc strategy simply doesn’t scale. Scheduling frees up time and mental energy you can use to generate more creative campaigns, create better content, and improve your overall social media marketing performance. See for yourself with a free 14-day trial.

Evaluating Eligibility Rules of A Social Program Essay

Evaluating Eligibility Rules of A Social Program - Essay Example t, let it be clear, first of all, that the specific social program â€Å"combines private sector management consulting strategies with the Foundation’s system reform expertise to help improve outcomes for children and families by transforming the management and accountability structure, operations, and front-line practice of public agencies.† (The Annie E. Casey foundation, 2007). There are various eligibility rules available to undertake an evaluation of the program. It is of paramount significance to assess which one or ones of these rules go into the making of the program and an assessment of the appropriateness of the rule/rules adopted and make some suggestions for the improvement of the strategy and the rules if necessary etc. First of all, it may be noted that the eligibility rules governing the program have a wider scope and they cover such varied norms such as professional discretion, prior contribution, private contracts, administrative discretion, and judicial decisions. The purpose or the mission of the program, i.e. â€Å"to  provide intensive strategic consulting that facilitates significant, measurable, and enduring human service system transformations† proves the aptness of the eligibility rules selected to augment the efforts of the foundation in the concerned areas. (The Annie E. Casey foundation, 2007). However, it does not mean that the types of eligibility rules are without their limitations to cover the necessities of such a vast and highly reputed program. It is a reputed social program which is aimed at assisting the foundation in its efforts to provide services to the betterment of the vulnerable children and their families and, therefore, the strategies adopted need to focus the wider spectrum of related areas. The effectiveness of the program cannot be implemented just by the abstract programs and efforts. Rather, the concretization of the eligibility rules occupies greater significance, for which an exact and clear-cut framework of the

Choosing Technology to Meet a Need Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Choosing Technology to Meet a Need - Essay Example include: a high quality display system to showcase finished design projects, a central unit that is compatible and with modern day design soft wares, command input devices, a safe back up storage system, cooperate display system, image capture and internet connection (Labuz 47). The core i5 processor is provides great graphics and multi-tasking platform because it mechanically speeds up since it has an incorporation of Intel turbo boost technology. The boost and a 4 way multi-tasking processing ability can enable it handle very high memory demanding graphic software without slowing down. The wake fast Intel responsive hard disc wakes up very fast- within seconds- hence the ability to resume to work without delays. The same capability is essential because it minimizes power consumption-since it operates on a ultra-low consumption. Adobe Photoshop and adobe illustrator are graphic design software’s with modern design tools this enables easy, quick manipulation of images and editing with the high quality outcomes in a professional set

Army Infantry Career Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Army Infantry Career - Essay Example Apart from the mere academic achievements, the leadership qualities count a lot in the infantry. The types of students required by the Army are those who are good athletes as well, with potentiality to shape into good leaders. If you decide not to serve beyond the agreed 5 years, there is lot of demand, scope and respect for the ex-Commissioned Officers. You are assured of senior positions in business, especially on the technical and security areas, and thereafter you will have no problems about supporting the family. Infantry Officers and men wear Army uniform according to the environment of their operation. The training is an all-environment training, such as mountain, desert, tropical and temperate. They are well trained to live off the land when then occasion arises. The training is intensive as well as extensive. That includes developing an ordinary individual into a tough Ranger/Officer in which they are trained to navigate, conduct clandestine combat missions in deserts, mountains, swamps and temperate terrains. You rise to different ranks that are part of the military hierarchy. Recruitment at the entry level, Ranger is through US Military Recruiters. They are fully conscious of their duties and obligations, dedicated to the basic values of their service; they are a hardworking lot and tough professionals. The job of the recruiter is to find and provide qualified volunteers for a particular branch or service. This is, and has to be straightforward because it is concerned with the most important aspect relating to the existence of the Nation, its security! Let us say, for the recruiter it is his business as well. Any business man wants his business to prosper. It is a number game also. When the pressure from the superior authorities is intense to get a fixed number of volunteers, and when sufficient eligible candidates are not forthcoming, the Recruiter then tries other alternatives. They plan

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) The Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) This lesson deals with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). MDGs are derived from earlier development targets. The MDG’s originated from the United Nations Millennium Declaration, was the main outcome of the Millennium Summit. The Declaration asserted that every individual has dignity; therefore, the right to freedom, equality, a basic standard of living. MDG’s emphasized the role of developed countries in aiding developing countries, as outlined in Goal Eight, which sets objectives and targets for developed countries to achieve a global partnership for development ________________________________________________________________________________ Objectives After going through this lesson, you should be able to: describe the millennium development goals-(MDGs) Focus on three major areas for improvement. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.1Â  Introduction It is not the United Nations that has to achieve millennium development goals; they have to be achieved by every country, by the joint efforts of government and people. The millennium declaration promises people from the dehumanising conditions of extreme poverty, make the right to development a success and reality for everyone. Each goal is easy to understand and implement. The Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) are the world’s biggest promise – a global agreement through collaborative action. Any happening in one country undoubtedly affects those who live in other countries. We need to have a safe and secure world unless we react all against poverty, injustice and inequality. We can eradicate poverty, since we have the resources, and know how. Let us make best of opportunity. One World One Hope: to achieve our global commitments and vision of the Millennium Development Goals targets by 2015. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.3 THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS-(MDG’s) The Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) are the most broadly supported, comprehensive and specific development goals the world has ever agreed upon. These eight time-bound goals provide concrete, numerical benchmarks for tackling extreme poverty in its many dimensions. They include goals and targets on income, poverty, hunger, maternal and child mortality, disease, inadequate shelter, gender inequality, environmental degradation and the Global Partnership for Development. Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Targets Target 1a: Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day Target 1b: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people Target 1c: Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Targets Target 2a: Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Target 3a: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015 Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Targets Target 4a: Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five Goal 5: Improve maternal health Indicators Target 5a: Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio Target 5b: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Targets Target 6a: Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS Target 6b: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Targets Target 7a: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources. Target 7b: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss. Target 7a and 7b Indicators: Target 7c: Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Goal 8: A global partnership for developments Target 8a: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction; both nationally and internationally. Target 8b: Address the special needs of the least developed countries Includes tariff and quota free access for the least developed countries exports; enhanced programme of debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) and cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction. Target 8c: Address the special needs of landlocked developing countries and Small Island developing States through the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and the outcome of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly. Target 8d: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term. _______________________________________________________________________________________ Summing Up: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), endorsed by governments at the United Nations in September 2000, aimed to improve human well-being by reducing poverty, hunger, child and maternal mortality, ensuring education for all, controlling and managing diseases, tackling gender disparity, ensuring sustainable development and pursuing global partnerships. This would help to bring underdeveloped and developing nations on the next level of progress.

Conflict between Good and Evil in Bradstreet’s The Flesh and the Spirit

Conflict between Good and Evil in Bradstreet’s The Flesh and the Spirit  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      A colonial Puritan minister, Thomas Shepard, nicely summarized the paradox of the Puritan religion when he noted that â€Å"The greatest part of Christian grace lies in mourning the want of it.†Ã‚   Shepard suggests, in this passage, that good Christians should spend their days, indeed their entire lives, exploring and proclaiming their own depravity and sinfulness, their â€Å"want† of Christian grace.   Paradoxically, only this kind of a life could lead, ultimately, to the possibile attainment of God’s grace and thus entrance into heaven.   For the Puritans, such a formula posed a never-ending, internal conflict: good Christians who hope for grace can never believe that they are worthy of such grace.   Indeed, Puritans who want to be moral and upright must constantly keep in mind the fact that they are sinful and wicked and not deserving of God’s attention, much less admittance to heaven. The paradox of Shepard’s passage is one that the early Puritans not only firmly believed but also lived day in and day out.   As a central tenet of their existence, this paradox led Puritans to experience a constant internal struggle between two aspects of the Puritan self:   the sinful, wicked side and the redeemed, saved side.   Significantly, the struggle became a common motif in many Puritan works, including Anne Bradstreet’s â€Å"The Flesh and the Spirit.†Ã‚   In this poem, Bradstreet describes not only the dual self that was the result of Puritan theology but also the psychological significance of the Puritan paradox.   â€Å"The Flesh and the Spirit† demonstrates that the road to attainment of grace, and thus to salvation, lies not in resolving the conflict between the two aspe... ...e that existed because of the Puritan belief in total depravity.   The conflict between the sinful self and the redeemed self originated from the condition that, according to Puritans, humans, who are stricken with original sin because of Adam’s fall, must always keep an awareness of their depraved status in the forefront of their thoughts.   Such a belief led to a serious internal, psychological struggle that would only come to an end in death.   While the Puritans could never be assured of receiving God’s grace, they believed that if they maintained the struggle between their dual self in this life, when they died, they might be chosen to receive grace and thus attain salvation. Works Cited Bradstreet, Anne.   â€Å"The Flesh and the Spirit.†Ã‚   The Heath Anthology of American Literature.   Ed. Paul Lauter, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 1.   Lexington:   Heath, 1994.   302-305.  

Evidence-Based Practice & Applied Nursing Research Essay

Type of Sources / Appropriateness of Sources / Classification of Sources American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians article regarding acute otitis media is a filtered resource. It is an appropriate source for nursing practice because; it establishes clinical guidelines to diagnose and manage AOM. It also establishes guidelines when to treat the signs and symptoms of AOM, watchful waiting, or to treat with an antibiotic. This article is classified as an evidence based guideline because, it reviews multiple research literatures in a systemic manner and provides recommendations of practice. Block’s Causative Pathogens article is an unfiltered resource. It is an appropriate source for nursing practice because it provides the clinician with the most recent and up to date research on the topic. The article is primary research evidence because; its researchers acquired the data first hand. Kelly’s article regarding Current pediatric diagnosis and treatment is a general information resource. This article is not appropriate for clinician use because it only provides basic general background. It does not guide the clinician in diagnosing and treatment. McCracken’s article in the Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal is an unfiltered resource. It is an appropriate for nursing practice because it supports established guidelines and shows what will happen with continued antibiotic use. This is an evidence summary article because it lists all of the important information and the evidence supporting it. The last source of evidence is interviews with parents. This type of source is considered a general information resource. It is appropriate because, the interviews give firsthand experience of onset and signs and symptoms of AOM. This source of classifications is none of the listed. â€Å"Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common infection for which antibacterial agents are prescribed for children in the United States. As such, the diagnosis and management of AOM has a significant impact on the health of children, cost of providing care, and overall use of antibacterial agents (AAFP, 2004).  Watchful waiting can have many benefits for the children and the provider if used properly. Diagnosing AOM can be tricky. The signs and symptoms can also be related to other illnesses such as an upper respiratory virus. Throwing antibiotics at any illness use to be the course of action. However, now that there is evidence that bacteria have become resistant to some antibiotics, clinicians are testing out other means of treating illnesses. If the child presenting with symptoms of AOM has no underlying conditions and has means to follow up with the doctor if the symptoms progress, watchful waiting is an appropriate app roach for treating the child. According to the research, placebo controlled trials have shown that children have responded well without antibacterial intervention. Giving the opportunity for the illness to resolve without antibacterial intervention not only benefits the child but, the caregivers and the clinician. It benefits the child by not being exposed to antibiotics that are not needed, therefore creating a potential resistance to that antibiotic. It benefits the caregiver by not spending money on a medication their child does not need. Last, it benefits the clinician by preventing resistance to an antibiotic that may be useful in the near future. Watchful waiting is only appropriate if the patient meets the guidelines of uncomplicated AOM, assurance of a follow up if necessary, and access to antibiotics if symptoms progress or worsen. The findings in the AAFP article can be applied in many ways to improve nursing practice in a healthcare setting. The article provides evidence based guidelines on how to properly diagnose AOM and the typical signs and symptoms. It establishes the three criteria the patient must exhibit for a certain diagnosis of AOM. If the patient does not meet the certain criteria, it guides the clinician to continue to assess the patient for another illness, such as an upper respiratory virus. Proper diagnosis will improve clinician treatment and care of the patient. The article also includes a descriptive chart on how to assess and manage pain associated with AOM. It lists for the clinician the recommended medications, remedies, and agents for the clinician to utilize to manage pain. It also lists the effectiveness and the side effects. This will help improve nursing care by implementing the proper medication and or remedies to the patient with the highest effectiveness and the least amount of side effects. The article also very clearly identifies when watchful waiting is  not appropriate and what antibiotics should be prescribed and the usual dosage. This information is helpful to nursing practice by helping the clinician distinguish what patient is suitable for watchful waiting or antibiotic therapy. Another way the article improves nursing practice is, that the article provides information on how to prevent AOM and reoccurrence. This information can be used to help educate patient’s caregivers on ways to prevent AOM and reoccurrence. Ethical issues always arise when it comes to healthcare, especially when it comes to children. When conducting an evidence based research, there is a high likelihood of exposing the child to potential danger, illness, and adverse reactions. The first ethical issue is; is it even right to subject a child to research if there is a high likelihood of helping other children. That is something for the children’s parents to decide. However, it is the responsibility of the researchers to fully explain the process, potential side effects, potential danger, and any other concerns to the parents. It also the responsibility of researchers to determine if the parents have the capability to comprehend the information and the risk of the research. Not doing so would be unethical and could tarnish the results of the research. Another major ethical dilemma that comes with involving children in research is that the children do not have the capability of making that decision themselves. Research should be a voluntary thing and not left up to someone else to decide. However, when it comes to children that is not an option. The ethical problem is should the child be subjected to potential harm because of the parents’ willingness to allow it. The needs to be guidelines established prior to the start of the research that regulate the risks that the child might be subjected to. The risk should be very minimal with a very high benefit. Involving children in any type of evidence based research can be very tricky and has the potential of bringing up multiple ethical issues. It is the researcher’s responsibility to ensure the child is protected, not exposed to unneeded harm, and the caregivers are knowledgeable of the risk factors and are competent enough to make an informed decision. Besides ethical issues, there are other issues that need to be taken into consideration when research involves children. Vulnerable populations, such as low income families, families with different cultural backgrounds, and families with insufficient education can be at risk when it  comes to research involving children. For an example, low income families may not have the opportunity to participate in evidence based research because they might not fit certain criteria. In the AAFP research, in order for the child to be a candidate of the watchful waiting, they had to have means of a follow up appointment. For low income families, coming to the doctor multiple time may not be option. Financially they may not be able to afford, parents may not be able to get time off from work, or have means of transportation for a follow up appointment. These circumstances may subject the child to unneeded antibiotic treatment simply because the patient is unable to follow up with the doctor. Also, families with a cultural difference may not fully understand the benefits or risks of allowing their child to participate in this research. Without informed consent, the results of the research are tarnished and run the risk of jeopardizing the study. Informed consent when it comes to research involving children is extremely important for validity of a project and prevents any ethical problems. Any research involving children can be extremely tricky and should be held to the highest ethical standards and involve minimal risk to children. References American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians. (2004.) Clinical practice guideline: Diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. Retrieved from http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;113/5/1451 Block, S. L. (1997). Causative pathogens, antibiotic resistance and therapeutic considerations in acute otitis media. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 16, 449–456. Kelley, P. E., Friedman, N., Johnson, C. (2007). Ear, nose, and throat. In W. W. Hay, M. J. Levin, J. M. Sondheimer, & R. R. Deterding (Eds.), Current pediatric diagnosis and treatment (18th ed., pp. 459–492). New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill. McCracken, G. H. (1998). Treatment of acute otitis media in an era of increasing microbial resistance. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 17, 576–579.

Happy Loman’s Significance In Arthur Miller’s “Death Of A Salesman” Essay

The definition of the American Dream is an important theme that is woven throughout the attitudes and actions of Arthur Miller’s characters in his play The Death of A Salesman. Happy Loman, a character dominated by his material greed and desire to crush anyone standing between him and the almighty dollar, represents a skewed perspective of that Dream, a perspective shared by an increasingly large amount of Americans. Through his insatiable appetite for power, lust, and wealth, Happy Loman embodies the modern capitalist American Dream. And through his never-ending discontent and incessant feeling of unfulfillment, Happy also embodies the fallacy and shortcomings of that Dream. One could consider Happy Loman to be a success. He may not be the president of his company (in fact he is one of two assistants to an assistant buyer), but at roughly thirty years of age, he has a steady job and a place of his own. And he’s moving up in the world, he’s getting somewhere. And there’s nothing wrong with this. American society and capitalism in general is based on the Puritan individualist work ethic, which states that hard work breeds success and happiness. But Happy isn’t succeeding because he works hard, because he’s well liked, or because he’s exceptionally good at what he does. He’s succeeding through the neo-American shortcut to happiness, the modern American Dream, which encourages cut-throat competition at every level. Happy, much like millions of other Americans, is moving up in the world by defeating his competition, by destroying all of those in his way. On page 23 and 24, he says, â€Å"All I can do now is wait for the merchandise manager to die†Ã‚ ¦He’s a good friend of mine.† Happy desires more money, more power, and more responsibility strongly enough that he is willing to lose a good friend of his, just to get his job. His job. Not a job. Another reason why Happy symbolizes the new American Dream is his obsession with ruining the lives of others in order to better himself. â€Å"I don’t know what gets into me, maybe I just have an overdeveloped sense of competition or something†Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  he says on page 25. Happy can get any woman he wants. Yet he deliberately chooses to sleep with the wives and  fiancÃÆ' ©es of his co-workers and bosses as a way of defeating them in some nonexistent competition for power. Therefore, despite the fact that they may be ahead of him in the business world, Happy can find solace in the fact that he â€Å"went and ruined† his bosses’ spouses. â€Å"Isn’t that a crummy characteristic?† he asks Biff. Of course it is, but it doesn’t stop Happy from doing it over and over. Happy may represent the quintessential American in the aspects mentioned above, but what truly cements his position as the epitome of the neo-capitalist is his pervading feelings of unhappiness and discontent. When Happy speaks of possibly becoming the new merchandise manager, he says that he would do the same thing that the old merchandise manager did: build a mansion of a house for himself, then sell in in two months. He says on page 23, â€Å"It’s crazy†Ã‚ ¦it’s what I always wanted. My own apartment, a car, and plenty of women.† Yet when Biff asks if he is content, Happy retorts, â€Å"Hell no!†. When speaking of women, whom Happy appears to be incredibly fond of, he says, â€Å"I keep knockin’ em over, and it doesn’t mean anything.† And why is Happy discontent? Because he defined the American Dream, his American Dream, in terms of money and power, instead of happiness and self-actualization. He will never be content, and nei ther will anyone else who shares his Dream. When goals are determined in denominations of currency, then they can never be reached, because no one can possess all the money that exists in the world. What’s better than a Toyota? A Lexus. What’s better than a Lexus? A Ferrari. What’s better than a Ferrari? A hovercraft? A yacht? 2 yachts? A goddamn jumbo jet? It never ends. And thus, the American Dream can be crushed under the weight of a dollar bill when it is improperly defined. The Dream becomes farce, a crock, a hoax, an old wives’ tale, an urban legend, an orange that consists of nothing but the peel, a person whose soul, whose brains have been sucked out of his nose by little aliens wearing wing-tipped shoes, carrying attachÃÆ' © cases, and driving hovercrafts with the future wives of their bosses in the passenger seat. But it doesn’t have to.